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Leadership Aspects of ClosenessLeadership Aspects of NeedsManagement Aspects of DistanceLeadership Aspects of UniquenessLeadership Aspects of FreedomLeadership Aspects of SecurityLeadership Aspects of BelongingFunction of Needs RegulationDialogueExperiencing without the Desire for ClosenessLeadershipBasic needs of the psycheActing without a Closeness DesireContactGuiding Process Regulation of NeedsLiving with ClosenessCloseness CompetenceStress Factors for Closeness in ManagementNeed for ClosenessCloseness Incompetence and LeadershipTechniques for Regulation of Needs

Leadership Aspects of Closeness

Leadership requires loyalty, and loyalty is the result of experienced closeness. Nowadays, organisations are more ‘lateral’ than ever, i.e. as leader one is dependent upon winning the approval, the trust and the sustained commitment of people who could also do ‘differently’. The direct power potential (via reward and punishment) only helps with directly dependent employees. In projects, matrix contexts, virtual teams, with colleagues and in other areas one is dependent upon the voluntary work of those whom one needs. One will only receive this loyal voluntary work if one is capable of building, within a brief period, closeness (bonding) with very different people, i.e. a bonding which has a certain sustainability in crises (trust!). Therefore, the ability to live in closeness is, nowadays, obligatory for leaders.